Permissions of icons used in Figure 6

<p dir="ltr"><b>Fig. 6</b><b> </b><b>|</b><b> </b><b>Schematic illustration of on-demand, EMF-guided delivery of P-nZVI nanoheaters for targeted remediation in heterogeneous subsurface environments. </b>Conventional thermal desorption is hindered by irregular contaminant distribution and low-conductivity zones due to its reliance on conductive heating mechanism. In contrast, an EMF control system enables real-time steering of P-nZVI particle fate.

Using a cargo delivery analogy, the EMF system (satellite navigation) guides P-nZVI particles to migrate efficiently through clean zones (analogous to loaded cargo on green-light highway) but accumulate selectively in contaminated areas (analogous to cargo offloading at red-light destination). This strategic delivery ensures precise and energy-efficient heating exactly where it is needed. Credit: The graphical elements used in this figure were obtained from <a href="Magnific.com" target="_blank"><i><u>Magnific.com</u></i></a>and used under the applicable licenses.</p>