Study of hot-workability of titanium alloys through hot-torsion testing and its application to the optimization of forging and extrusion processes

At the same time, the minimum amount of area reduction required to obtain such microstructure was determined. The results of hot-workability testing plus the information registered in full-scale Grade 2 Ti extrusion tests were used to simulate different extrusion processes with FEA. To calibrate the FE model it was also necess ry to ev lu te the illet’s temper ture evolution through the press’s feeding system nd the behaviour of the available lubricants.

The FE model proved to be accurate to predict the required extrusion force for the tested geometries. This way, the feasibility of extruding different sections was determined and the operating parameters were optimized to maintain the extrusion pressure within operative limits as well as to obtain the m teri l’s properties nd microstructures required in current st nd rds.