A polyphasic study of Hypoxylaceae (Xylariales, Ascomycota) in Iran: new species and records from Hyrcanian forests

In a survey of pyrenomycetes in the north of Iran, a total of 20 specimens were collected and characterized via an integrative approach. Sequences derived from the ITS, LSU, rpb 2, and tub 2 loci were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed in a molecular phylogenetic framework using maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses. Additional morphological and chemotaxonomic evidence analyzed in tandem revealed two new species, which we coined Hypoxylon hyrcanense sp. nov. and H. pseudoinvestiens sp. nov., as well as four new records for Iran, namely Hypomontagnella submonticulosa, Hypoxylon crocopeplum, H. larissae, and H. ticinense.

We further discuss recent additions to Hypoxylon and report the anamorph of H. larissae for the first time. All species are illustrated, described, and discussed.