Chemical composition of planetary hosts II

We investigate the trends of [El/Fe] with [Fe/H] and planet mass, and examine condensation temperature (T_cond_) trends ({DELTA}[El/H]-T_cond_> slopes) for potential star-planet chemical signatures. The results show that most neutron-capture elements trace Galactic chemical evolution, but [Zr/Fe], [La/Fe], and [Ce/Fe] are enhanced in stars with planets compared to reference stars at a given [Fe/H]. Positive correlations between [El/Fe] and planet mass are observed towards higher-mass planets for most elements excluding strontium, yttrium, and barium, which exhibit insignificant correlations across all subsamples.

The {DELTA}[El/H]-T_cond_ slopes suggest a possible enrichment of refractory elements in planet-hosting stars, especially in younger and less metal-rich systems. While strong correlations between {DELTA}[El/H]-T_cond_ slopes and stellar or planetary parameters are not observed, the data suggest some notable trends. Older dwarf stars hosting multiple planets tend to exhibit smaller or even negative {DELTA}[El/H]-T_cond_ slopes, whereas younger dwarfs show larger positive slopes, indicating a possible age-dependent chemical signature.

Additionally, we find that multiplanetary systems are more frequently associated with metal-rich stars. This dataset supports ongoing efforts to understand the chemical signatures associated with planet formation.