CESM2 Initialized 2019/20 Australian Wildfire Simulations

In response to the fires, a widespread increase in biomass aerosol burdens is simulated in the southern hemisphere through late 2019 and early 2020. Accompanying the increase is an enhancement of cloud albedo, particularly in regions of widespread stratocumulus clouds in the southeastern subtropical Pacific Ocean.

The increase in albedo acts to cool the surface, dry the boundary layer, and reduce the moist static energy of the advected low-level flow into the deep tropics. It also cools the ocean locally and the currents that flow into the deep tropics. In response, the Intertropical Convergence Zone is found to migrate northward and sea surface temperature in the Nino 3. 4 region cools.