Supplementary file 1_Physical activity, psychological resilience, and adolescent mobile phone addiction—a meta-analytic structural equation modeling study.docx

Background and aims<p>With the widespread use of mobile internet, smartphone addiction among adolescents has become a major global public health concern.</p>Methods<p>This study synthesizes empirical evidence to quantitatively examine the relationships among adolescent physical activity (PA), psychological resilience (PR), and mobile phone addiction (MPA), and to explore the mediating role of PR. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, CNKI) yielded 58 relevant articles (63 correlation records across the three relationship pairs), comprising cross-sectional and longitudinal studies with a total sample of 98,946 adolescents and young adults.

Traditional meta-analysis and MASEM were combined; a random-effects model pooled effect sizes, and a two-stage structural equation modeling approach tested mediation.</p>Results<p>There was a significant negative correlation between PA and MPA (r = −0.225 [95% CI: −0.282 to −0.166]). PA was positively correlated with PR (r = 0.370 [95% CI: 0.250 to 0.479]). PR was negatively correlated with MPA (r = −0.362 [95% CI: −0.518 to −0.184]).