Supplementary file 1_Parenting concerns among patients with advanced early-onset lung cancer: a qualitative study based on the ABC-X model.doc

Introduction<p>To analyze parenting concerns of patients with advanced early-onset lung cancer based on the ABC-X model, thereby providing a reference for the development of targeted nursing intervention strategies in clinical practice.</p>Methods<p>Using purposive sampling, 16 patients with advanced early-onset lung cancer who were raising minor children and were receiving treatment at a Grade A Level 3 hospital in Hubei, China, between August and October 2025, were selected for semi-structured interviews.

Data analysis was conducted using Colaizzi’s 7-step method, and core themes were identified based on the ABC-X model.</p>Results<p>Three main themes and seven subthemes were identified. Theme 1 was multiple parenting stresses and role conflicts (covering the stressor, Factor A), including dual physical and psychological constraints, learned helplessness amid parenting responsibilities, and economic conflict and role-adaptation imbalances.