Data Sheet 1_Measuring bilingual input and output in early childhood education: English and Vietnamese speech within a language exposure program.pdf

Children’s output doubled the output reported by a similar previous study, indicating that structured sessions offered higher opportunities for children's speech. Crucially, children's speech increased as the Vietnamese language exposure program progressed, demonstrating greater engagement and interest from the preschool children. Although the facilitator was encouraged to use Vietnamese, her use of English increased from first to second term, remaining high thereafter due to the constraints in starting a Vietnamese exposure program in a preschool where only English was previously used.

Nevertheless, Vietnamese played an important role in the facilitator's input, with children's Vietnamese output showing signs of increase. We conclude by highlighting that children's overall speech increase aligned with the engagement and interest reported in the language exposure program evaluation, laying a good foundation for program continuation the following year.</p>