Data Sheet 1_Feasibility of a teacher-supervised ChatGPT-assisted workflow for individualized exercise planning in university physical education: a two-phase study using a fuzzy Delphi process and a cluster pilot trial.docx

Primary outcomes included feasibility, safety, implementation, and acceptability.</p>Results<p>The final framework comprised 49 items, with 96.4% achieving a consensus rate ≥75%. Follow-up completion rates were 96.7% and 93.3% in the AI and control groups, respectively. Attendance, completion rate, and perceived exertion were similar between groups.

Time in the target heart-rate zone was higher in the AI group (33.95 ± 4.33 vs. 32.60 ± 3.74 min, P = 0.033), as was perceived personalization (4.0 ± 0.7 vs. 3.2 ± 1.0, P = 0.001). No serious adverse events occurred, and most physical and functional outcomes did not differ significantly between groups.</p>Conclusions<p>ChatGPT-assisted individualized fitness instruction was feasible, safe, and acceptable within a structured teacher-supervised workflow, with its primary short-term benefit being improved perceived personalization.</p><p>Clinical Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2500107730.</p>