Vitamin A-blended nanostructured lipid carriers coated by chitosan orally delivering pirfenidone to treat liver fibrosis

CV-NLC-PFD prolonged the T₁/₂ and MRT, and elevated the AUC, thereby extending the systemic circulation time and enhancing the oral bioavailability of PFD. CV‑NLC‑PFD also improved intestinal drug absorption and hepatic accumulation, demonstrating superior liver‑targeting capability.

In In vivo pharmacodynamic studies, CV‑NLC‑PFD showed favorable anti‑fibrotic efficacy, as evidenced by marked suppression of HSCs activation and collagen deposition. These findings indicate that CV‑NLC‑PFD represents a promising nanocarrier for future liver fibrosis therapy.