Standard Dataset for Machine Detection of Small-scale Swirls in the Solar Photosphere

However, there are significant limitations and biases associated with the manual detection of these small-scale swirls, which may lead to an underestimation of their total number. The Swedish 1-meter Solar Telescope (SST) and Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) onboard Hinode spacecraft provide high-resolution and high-quality observations of the solar photosphere, offering sufficient data support for the study of small-scale swirls.

The machine recognition of small-scale solar vortices and the extraction algorithm of key parameters has been improved, and the corresponding tool was formed. This dataset includes observations from the SOT telescope of a quiet region in the photosphere in 2007, with a pixel scale of 39.2 km and a cadence of approximately 6.4 s, as well as observations from the SST telescope of a quiet region in the photosphere in 2012, with a pixel scale of 43.6 km and a cadence of 8.25 s.