On the relationship of Joule heating and nitric oxide radiative cooling in the thermosphere

One such thermospheric variation is the dramatic increase of thermospheric temperature and nitric oxide (NO) density and thus radiative emission by NO. This paper gives for the first time a quantitative assessment of the relationship between global Joule heating power and global NO radiative cooling power.

It is found that, when averaged over a time interval of 24 h along with a time lag of 10 h, global Joule heating power is closely correlated with global NO cooling power. On average, the increased energy release through NO 5.3 μm infrared emission accounts for about 80% of Joule heating energy input under disturbed conditions. The paper also presents a first attempt to parameterize global NO power using the Kp and F10.7 indices.