Replication Data for: The erasure of intensive livestock farming in text-to-image generative AI

While research has revealed how AI could perpetuate biases against marginalized human groups, AI’s impact on non-human animals remains understudied. We found that ChatGPT's text-to-image model (DALL-E 3) is biased toward romanticizing livestock farming as dairy cows grazing on pasture and pigs rooting in mud, even when explicitly prompted for realistic depictions.

The public values naturalness and pasture access, but most farmed animals in industrialized countries are housed indoors and intensively. Notably, when we inhibited automatic prompt revision, images shifted to reflect modern farming more realistically: cows accessing feed through metal headlocks in intensive indoor systems, and pigs behind metal railings on concrete floors. While prompt revision was implemented to mitigate bias, it paradoxically erased intensive farming reality and conveyed disinformation that farmed animals live extensively.