The Lens of Intrinsic Skill Atoms: A Method for Gameful Design

It currently experiences a renaissance as gameful design , often implemented through gamification , the use of game design elements in nongame contexts. Yet there is little research-based guidance on designing gameful systems.

This article therefore reviews existing methods and identifies challenges and requirements for gameful design. It introduces a gameful design method that uses skill atoms and design lenses to identify challenges inherent in a user’s goal pursuit and restructure them to afford gameplay-characteristic motivating, enjoyable experiences. Two case studies illustrate the method.