An 11-year spatiotemporal roadkill dataset derived from citizen reports in Tsukuba, Japan

However, datasets are often constrained by linear sampling along major highways, a lack of missing-data mechanism quantification, and geographical bias toward Western regions. This data presents a high-resolution dataset of 11,464 roadkill records collected over 11 years (2005–2007 and 2016–2025) in Tsukuba, Japan.

Unlike traditional surveys, this dataset was generated through an “unintended citizen science,” in which citizens report carcasses to the municipal administration, triggering collection by contracted professionals. The dataset offers a baseline for analyzing the impacts of urbanization, monitoring the invasion of non-native species, and evaluating the reliability of other administrative biodiversity monitoring systems.