Table 1_Unraveling skeletal muscle senescence in an in vitro cell culture model.xlsx

Aging, sarcopenia, cancer, immobilization, and several muscle pathologies can have an impact on muscle function, and muscle cell senescence is associated with these conditions.</p>Methods<p>Here we aimed to develop a primary cell culture model to study skeletal muscle cell senescence.

We induced cell cycle arrest in cultured embryonic chick muscle cells using a low concentration of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) for 9 days.</p>Results<p>Our results show that Ara-C was able to induce several cellular senescence-associated bone fide characteristics, including reduced cell proliferation, increased β-galactosidase expression, increased reactive oxygen species production (ROS), increased p53 and p21 expression, increased muscle fibroblast cell size and nuclei numbers, increased lysosomal activity, decreased muscle differentiation (decreased muscle fiber size and decreased desmin expression), and increased secretion of IL-6, TNFα and TGFβ.