A dataset of ecosystem services in the Dongting Lake Area in 2020

It integrates multi-source spatial data for the year 2020 and comprises four major components:Land use data: Gridded raster data depicting major land cover types (cropland, forest, grassland, water bodies, built‑up areas, etc.) across the Dongting Lake Basin, used to derive land use intensity.Ecosystem service supply and demand data: Estimated supply and demand quantities for key services, including carbon sequestration, water yield, soil conservation, and habitat quality.

Data are provided as raster/vector layers, along with summary statistics in Excel (.xlsx) format.Coupling coordination degree: Spatial distribution maps (both annotated and unannotated versions) showing coordination levels between ecosystem service supply–demand matching and land use pressure, calculated using a coupling coordination degree model.Spatial autocorrelation results: Maps illustrating spatial clustering patterns (e.g., Moran’s I cluster maps) of ecosystem service supply–demand and coupling coordination across the basin in 2020, available with and without labels.Spatiotemporal Coverage: The dataset covers the Dongting Lake Basin in Hunan Province (delineated by watershed boundaries), with the reference year set to 2020.Data Formats: Main formats include GeoTIFF (raster), Shapefile (vector), .xlsx (tabular statistics), and .jpg/.png (figures).