Table 1_Exploration of the mechanisms and active compounds of Scutellaria barbata D. Don against influenza A (H1N1) virus.xlsx

However, its anti-H1N1 activity and underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.</p>Methods<p>In this study, the anti-H1N1 activity and underlying mechanisms of S. barbata extract were investigated using H1N1-infected MDCK cells and BALB/c mice.

Transcriptomic analysis followed by mRNA and protein-level validation was performed to characterize its molecular effects, while UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS was used to identify blood-absorbed constituents. Potential active compounds were subsequently screened by integrating the absorbed constituents with network pharmacology and further validated in vitro and in vivo.</p>Results<p>S. barbata extract markedly inhibited H1N1 replication in MDCK cells (IC₅₀ = 42.87 μg/mL; CC₅₀ > 500 μg/mL) and reduced viral burden and pulmonary inflammation in infected mice.