Table 1_Thrombus burden-stratified catheter-directed thrombolysis combined with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for acute arteriovenous graft thrombosis in hemodialysis patients: a comparison of single-session versus extended infusion protocols.docx

Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression were performed. A shared-frailty model and patient-level sensitivity analysis were used to account for within-patient clustering.</p>Results<p>A total of 105 procedures in 89 patients were analyzed (SS-CDT, n = 73; EI-CDT, n = 32). Median primary patency was comparable: SS-CDT 183 days vs. EI-CDT 183 days (log-rank p = 0.867).

The proportion of Type II lesions was 80.8% (59/73) in the SS-CDT group and 90.6% (29/32) in the EI-CDT group (p = 0.261). On multivariate Cox regression, graft age >24 months was associated with improved patency (HR 0.59, p = 0.023), while Type II morphology (HR 0.80, p = 0.428) and CDT protocol (HR 0.91, p = 0.79). Technical success was 100% in both groups (excluding 7 crossover procedures).

One major complication (septic shock) occurred in the EI-CDT group. Minor complications were comparable, except puncture-site bleeding (EI-CDT: 18.8% vs. SS-CDT: 0%, p < 0.001). Urokinase infusion was interrupted in 2 EI-CDT procedures due to bleeding.</p>Conclusions<p>Patency outcomes were not significantly influenced by CDT protocol duration or lesion morphology, suggesting that the stratified treatment approach effectively equalized outcomes across clinical contexts; notably, graft age >24 months was independently associated with improved primary patency (HR 0.59, p = 0.023), a finding most plausibly reflecting survivor-graft bias rather than a true treatment effect.</p>