Type 2 Innate Lymphocytes are Crucial for Anti-tumour Immunity and Their Adoptive Transfer is an Effective Immunotherapy Against Cancer

Here, we report that mice genetically lacking ILC2s have significantly increased tumour growth rates and higher frequency of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and metastasis to distal organs. Our data supports the conclusions that tumour-infiltrating ILC2s help mediate tumour immune-surveillance by promoting adaptive T cells responses and that ILC2s play a hitherto undescribed role in controlling metastasis.

Furthermore, we demonstrate that adoptive transfer of ILC2s mediates a dramatic regression in cancer growth. Therefore, the adoptive transfer of ILC2s provides a new immunotherapeutic approach with the potential to aid in the eradication of cancers.