Replication Materials for “Who Bears the Hidden Time Cost? Children’s Water and Firewood Collection, Socioeconomic Inequality, and Rainfall Variability in Bangladesh”

Socioeconomic gradients are examined using household wealth information when available. Rainfall exposure is linked to the timing and district of each child interview. With daily CHIRPS data, the preferred exposure measure is rainfall accumulated over the seven days ending on the day before the interview, standardized relative to district-by-calendar-month rainfall climatology.

The workflow also constructs lower- and upper-tail rainfall indicators and alternative 14-day and 30-day exposure measures for robustness analysis. The statistical workflow includes descriptive analyses, wealth-gradient comparisons, multivariable regression models, heterogeneity analyses, mechanism-oriented specifications, and rainfall-exposure robustness checks. The analysis is observational; estimated relationships between rainfall variability and children’s collection activities or time burdens should therefore be interpreted as conditional associations rather than automatically as causal effects.

The public replication archive contains Stata 14-compatible harmonization and analysis code, input-variable schemas, source-provenance documentation, aggregate-output procedures, privacy-preserving diagnostics, reproducibility documentation, and a file-integrity manifest. Respondent-level Bangladesh MICS 2019 and 2025 microdata and locally generated child-level analytical datasets are not redistributed. Full execution requires authorized MICS inputs and a district-level CHIRPS rainfall file matching the documented schema.

The package does not reconstruct the upstream geospatial extraction from native CHIRPS imagery to district-level rainfall data.