Derived Relative Nighttime Light Intensity Metrics for Urban Racecourses in Bangkok and Hong Kong (2013–2024)

The derived nighttime light (NTL) intensity metrics and relative NTL time series generated and analyzed in this study are available in the Mendeley Data repository at [insert DOI after upload]. The raw VIIRS Day-Night Band (DNB) nighttime light data are publicly available from the Earth Observation Group, Payne Institute for Public Policy, Colorado School of Mines (eogdata.mines.edu/products/vnl/), under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery was accessed via Google Earth Engine (COPERNICUS/S2_SR_HARMONIZED) and is publicly available from the Copernicus Open Access Hub. Residential property price indices for Thailand (QTHN628BIS) and Hong Kong (QHKN628BIS) are publicly available from the Bank for International Settlements via the FRED database (fred.stlouisfed.org). Hong Kong Jockey Club operational data were obtained from publicly available HKJC Annual Reports (2013/14–2023/24), accessible at corporate.hkjc.com.