Dose reconstruction with Compton camera during proton therapy via subset-driven origin ensemble and double evolutionary algorithm

The simulations of proton pencil beam with clinical particle rate irradiating phantoms made of different materials and the CT-based thoracic phantom were used to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method. The results show that for the monoenergetic proton pencil beam irradiating homogeneous-material box phantom, the accuracy of reconstructed DDP was within 0.3 mm for range prediction and within 5.2% in terms of dose prediction.

In particular, for a 1.6 Gy irradiation in the thoracic tumors therapy simulation, the range deviation of the reconstructed spread-out Bragg peak was within 0.8 mm, and the relative dose deviation in the peak area was less than 7% compared to the exact values. The results demonstrate the potential and feasibility of the proposed method in future Compton-based accurate dose reconstruction and range verification during proton therapy.