Distinct developmental pathways from blood monocytes generate human lung macrophage diversity

RNA-sequencing data sets (1) Single-cell RNA-sequencing data of human lung myeloid cells from MISTRG mice on day 21 post-transplantation with human CD34⁺ cells (2) Single-cell RNA-sequencing data of human lung myeloid cells from MISTRG mice on day 36 post-transplantation with human CD34⁺ cells (3) Bulk RNA-sequencing data of human intravascular monocytes, intravascular macrophages, and extravascular macrophages from the lungs of MISTRG mice engrafted with human CD34⁺ cells Data collection methodsSee Resource DOI Publication abstractThe study of human macrophages and their ontogeny is an important unresolved issue.

Here, we use a humanized mouse model expressing human cytokines to dissect the development of lung macrophages from human hematopoiesis in vivo. Human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) generated three macrophage populations, occupying separate anatomical niches in the lung. Intravascular cell labeling, cell transplantation, and fate-mapping studies established that classical CD14+ blood monocytes derived from HSPCs migrated into lung tissue and gave rise to human interstitial and alveolar macrophages.