Supplementary file 1_Detecting demographic patterns of old coast redwood forests in northern California.docx

Mortality and recruitment rates varied among common species, with Sequoia having much lower mortality relative to co-occurring conifers and hardwoods. Mortality varied substantially among size classes and taxonomic groups, while little variability in recruitment occurred among taxonomic groups. Mortality rates were consistently greater than recruitment across taxonomic groups during our 10-year observation period.

Our area experienced heavy winter storms in 2022–2023 resulting in numerous blowdowns, although mortality still outpaced recruitment when we excluded years affected by the storms. Simulations using current plot data found low statistical power to detect potential future changes in the mortality rate of Sequoia. We consider how these results could inform conservation of old Sequoia forests.</p>