Data · dataset · 2026
Carbonaceous Components Underlying Wildfire Smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub>-Associated Mortality in Older U.S. Adults
Listed in ZivaHub and Deakin Research Online and DMU Figshare — shown once because both records carry DOI 10.1021/acs.est.6c07219.s001
Wildland fire activity has increased in the U.S., elevating population exposure to smoke-derived fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>).
Description
Emerging studies suggest higher toxicity per unit mass for PM<sub>2.5</sub> from wildfire smoke. However, source-resolved evidence on long-term mortality effects of major carbonaceous components in smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub> remains scarce.
We linked annual, high-resolution estimates of smoke and non-smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub> mass and carbonaceous matter to 77,470,752 Medicare beneficiaries during 2002–2019 and fit stratified Cox models. Long-term exposure to smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub> mass and its carbonaceous fraction were associated with higher all-cause mortality risk per unit mass than their non-smoke counterparts. Per 1 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase, hazard ratios were 1.032 (95% CI: 1.027–1.037) for smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub> mass and 1.087 (1.076–1.098) for smoke carbonaceous components.
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On the interquartile-range scale, the association was larger for non-smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub> than for smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub>, whereas smoke carbon remained more strongly associated with mortality. Associations were stronger among Black and other racial groups and Medicaid-eligible beneficiaries. Substantial spatial heterogeneity was observed across empirical smoke regimes and geographic regions.
The associations correspond to 22,420 annual deaths attributable to smoke PM<sub>2.5</sub>, with the carbonaceous fraction accounting for most of this burden. These findings support strengthening wildfire smoke health-impact assessment and mitigation as climate change increases population exposure to wildfire smoke.
Links
Where it is published
- DOI doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c07219.s001 ↗
DOI / persistent id · from zivahub uct ac za
Catalogue records · 1
- OAI-PMH record api.figshare.com/v2/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai%3Af… ↗
metadata API · from zivahub uct ac za
Topics
- From keywords
- Cancer · Cancer · Cancer · Earth & Environmental Science · Earth & Environmental Science · Earth & Environmental Science · Evolutionary biology · Evolutionary biology · Evolutionary biology · Life Sciences · Life Sciences · Life Sciences · Medicine & Health · Medicine & Health · Medicine & Health · Psychology & Behavioral Science · Psychology & Behavioral Science · Psychology & Behavioral Science · Research, science and technology policy · Research, science and technology policy · Research, science and technology policy
Provenance · 3 source records, 26 field assertions
| Source | Key | Last seen | Raw |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZivaHub | oai:figshare.com:article/34033383 | 9 d ago | JSON v1 |
| Deakin Research Online | oai:figshare.com:article/34033383 | 9 d ago | JSON v1 |
| DMU Figshare | oai:figshare.com:article/34033383 | 9 d ago | JSON v1 |
| Field | Assertion | Extractor | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| access_level | source · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[disease].local:disease:cancer | mapping · zivahub uct ac za | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Cancer'] |
| concepts[disease].local:disease:cancer | mapping · figshare dmu ac uk | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Cancer'] |
| concepts[disease].local:disease:cancer | mapping · dro deakin edu au | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Cancer'] |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:field:440710 | mapping · zivahub uct ac za | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Science Policy'] |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:field:440710 | mapping · dro deakin edu au | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Science Policy'] |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:field:440710 | mapping · figshare dmu ac uk | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Science Policy'] |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:group:3104 | mapping · dro deakin edu au | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Evolutionary Biology'] |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:group:3104 | mapping · figshare dmu ac uk | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Evolutionary Biology'] |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:group:3104 | mapping · zivahub uct ac za | vocabulary-mapper@1.0.0 | keywords['Evolutionary Biology'] |
| concepts[field].local:field:earth-environmental | mapping · dro deakin edu au | connector:dro_deakin_edu_au@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:earth-environmental | mapping · figshare dmu ac uk | connector:figshare_dmu_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:earth-environmental | mapping · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:life-sciences | mapping · figshare dmu ac uk | connector:figshare_dmu_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:life-sciences | mapping · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:life-sciences | mapping · dro deakin edu au | connector:dro_deakin_edu_au@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:medicine-health | mapping · dro deakin edu au | connector:dro_deakin_edu_au@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:medicine-health | mapping · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:medicine-health | mapping · figshare dmu ac uk | connector:figshare_dmu_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:psychology-behavioral | mapping · figshare dmu ac uk | connector:figshare_dmu_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:psychology-behavioral | mapping · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:psychology-behavioral | mapping · dro deakin edu au | connector:dro_deakin_edu_au@1.0.0 | |
| description | source · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | /metadata/dc/description |
| license | source · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | /metadata/dc/rights |
| publication_date | source · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | |
| title | source · zivahub uct ac za | connector:zivahub_uct_ac_za@1.0.0 | /metadata/dc/title |