Excel Data of Pore Characteristics and POM Distribution under Different Fertilization Treatments in Upland and Paddy Soils

The study sites represent two contrasting agroecosystems: a 38-year upland field and a 43-year paddy field. Four fertilization regimes were implemented at each site: no fertilizer (Control), inorganic fertilizer (NPK), double-rate inorganic fertilizer (2NPK), and a combination of inorganic fertilizer with pig manure (NPKM).

Soil samples were collected after the final crop season and scanned using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT). Machine learning-based image analysis techniques were employed to segment and quantify pore networks and POM fractions within intact soil cores. POM was classified into two categories based on morphological traits: fresh POM (primarily undecomposed or partially decomposed plant residues) and decomposed POM (highly fragmented or transformed residues).