Integrated Analysis of Proboscis Ultrastructure and Olfactory Receptor Genes under Different Foraging Conditions in Apis cerana cerana

While antennal olfaction has been extensively investigated, whether the proboscis contributes to volatile signal detection and how it responds transcriptionally under different foraging conditions are still unclear. This study aimed to integrate ultrastructural and transcriptomic analyses to elucidate the morphological basis and olfactory-related molecular responses of the proboscis under distinct foraging states.