A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey Workflow for Assessing Humanistic Care Ability in Outpatient Service Staff

Cronbach's α was 0.895 for the total scale and 0.848-0.903 across dimensions; McDonald's ω was 0.897 for the total scale and 0.848-0.904 across dimensions. All 1,199 retained records contained complete CAI item data, so no item-level imputation was required. In a linear mixed-effects model with hospital as a random intercept, older age, previous humanistic care training, higher perceived colleague concern, and professional attachment were associated with higher total scores.

The null-model hospital-level ICC was 0.028; the multivariable model had a marginal R² of 0.111 and a conditional R² of 0.134. These findings demonstrate a reproducible multicenter workflow while indicating that most between-person variation in caring ability remains unexplained by the measured predictors.</p>