Table 1_Triglyceride-glucose index trajectories and in-hospital mortality in heart failure: a retrospective cohort study.docx

Complete-case analysis, Cox regression, and E-value calculation were conducted as sensitivity analyses.</p>Results<p>This analysis included 2,180 patients from MIMIC-IV and 1,433 from eICU-CRD. GBTM identified three distinct TyG trajectories: Class 1 (low-level), Class 2 (moderate-level), and Class 3 (high-level). The high-level trajectory (Class 3) exhibited the highest in-hospital mortality in both cohorts.

After full adjustment, Class 3 was associated with significantly increased mortality compared with Class 1 (MIMIC-IV: OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.13–2.31; eICU-CRD: OR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.59–4.67). Class 2 showed a weaker and non-significant association (MIMIC-IV: OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.87–1.58; eICU-CRD: OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 0.97–2.17). Sensitivity analyses showed generally consistent trends.</p>Conclusion<p>In critically ill patients with HF, a high-level TyG trajectory was independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality, showing a level-dependent gradient across two independent cohorts.</p>