Table · dataset · 2026
Data Sheet 1_Effects of exercise and physical activity on circulating inflammaging- and immunosenescence-related biomarkers in older adults and adults with chronic diseases: an umbrella review.docx
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Background<p>Chronic low-grade inflammation and immunosenescence accompany ageing and chronic disease.
Description
Exercise and physical activity are proposed to modify circulating inflammatory biomarkers, but review-level evidence is dispersed across populations and conditions.</p>Methods<p>We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus through 1 March 2026 for systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and overviews on exercise or physical activity and circulating inflammaging- or immunosenescence-related biomarkers in older adults and adults with chronic diseases.
We reported the review in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and PRIOR. Methodological quality was appraised with A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews, version 2 (AMSTAR-2), primary-study overlap with the corrected covered area, and certainty with GRADE. We performed no de novo meta-analysis or meta-regression; this umbrella review is a structured narrative synthesis of quantitative review-level estimates rather than a quantitative reanalysis.</p>Results<p>Twenty-one reviews were included: 14 core-eligible (full Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes, and Study design [PICOS] match, contributing to the primary synthesis and conclusions) and seven evidence-map-only (partial PICOS match, used only for mapping and background).
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Among core-eligible reviews reporting standardised mean differences, exercise was associated with small reductions in tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; point estimates − 1.42 to − 0.05, two of five confidence intervals excluding the null) and C-reactive protein (CRP; − 0.65 to − 0.47, two of three excluding the null), whereas interleukin-6 (IL-6) estimates were inconsistent (− 0.81 to + 0.09, two of five excluding the null).
Heterogeneity was frequently high (I<sup>2</sup> up to 94%). Overall primary-study overlap was slight (corrected covered area [CCA] = 0.0091), but very high within the multiple sclerosis cluster (CCA = 0.4048). AMSTAR-2 confidence was critically low in 11 reviews, low in nine, and moderate in one; GRADE certainty was very low for every biomarker construct.
A post hoc restricted descriptive sensitivity analysis excluding critically low reviews attenuated the apparent signal.</p>Conclusion<p>Exercise and physical activity may produce small reductions in some circulating inflammatory biomarkers, most consistently TNF-alpha and CRP, but effects on IL-6 are inconsistent, and certainty is very low. Effects on immunosenescence and cellular-senescence markers remain an evidence gap.
This biomarker evidence alone is insufficient to justify prescribing exercise specifically to lower inflammatory biomarkers and does not alter broader physical-activity recommendations based on clinical and functional outcomes.PROSPERO: CRD420261410061</p>
Links
Where it is published
- DOI doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1931607.s001 ↗
DOI / persistent id · from figshare com
Catalogue records · 1
- OAI-PMH record api.figshare.com/v2/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai%3Af… ↗
metadata API · from figshare com
Topics
Provenance · 5 source records, 18 field assertions
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|---|---|---|---|
| ZivaHub · removed upstream | oai:figshare.com:article/34023303 | 14 d ago | JSON v1 |
| HKU DataHub · removed upstream | oai:figshare.com:article/34023303 | 13 d ago | JSON v1 |
| figshare | oai:figshare.com:article/34023303 | 13 d ago | JSON v1 |
| Loughborough Research Repository · removed upstream | oai:figshare.com:article/34023303 | 13 d ago | JSON v1 |
| UP Research Data Repository · removed upstream | oai:figshare.com:article/34023303 | 12 d ago | JSON v1 |
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