Table · dataset · 2026
Data Sheet 1_Extreme compound events in the Agulhas Leakage.pdf
Listed in figshare and Loughborough Research Repository and GRANTS Data and UP Research Data Repository — shown once because both records carry DOI 10.3389/fmars.2026.1949899.s001
<p>Marine heatwaves (MHWs) and ocean acidity extremes (OAXs) are intensifying under anthropogenic climate change, and their compound co-occurrence can amplify ecological impacts.
Description
Yet the Agulhas Leakage, a key gateway transferring warm, saline Indian Ocean water into the Atlantic, remains understudied. Here we characterise MHWs over 1982–2024 and OAXs, and their compound events in this region over 1982–2021, comparing analyses of original and linearly detrended data.
Under a fixed baseline, MHW cumulative intensity rose from approximately 29.95 to 109.51 °C-year in the original data and 49.4 to 66.7 °C-year after detrending between the first and fourth decades. OAX intensity increased from approximately 0.24 to 4.10 nmol kg<sup>-</sup>¹-year in the original data and from 0.35 to 0.46 nmol kg<sup>-</sup>¹-year after detrending. Compound events emerge only after the 2000s.
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Detrending reveals that most of this increase reflects the long-term warming and acidification trends, while residual variability remains in the dynamically active Agulhas Retroflexion, where anticyclonic eddies trap warm, high [H<sup>+</sup>] Indian Ocean waters. A likelihood multiplication factor confirms statistically significant positive MHW–OAX dependence that persists after detrending, indicating statistically significant positive co-occurrence between MHW and OAX on interannual timescales, consistent with physical coupling through carbonate chemistry.
Baseline choice critically shapes compound-extreme risk assessment.</p>
Links
Where it is published
- DOI doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2026.1949899.s001 ↗
DOI / persistent id · from figshare com
Catalogue records · 1
- OAI-PMH record api.figshare.com/v2/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai%3Af… ↗
metadata API · from figshare com
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- Astronomy & Astrophysics · Chemistry · Chemistry · Computer Science & AI · Computer Science & AI · Earth & Environmental Science · Earth & Environmental Science · Earth & Environmental Science · Earth & Environmental Science · Economics & Finance · Economics & Finance · Engineering · Engineering · Engineering · Humanities · Humanities · Humanities · Life Sciences · Life Sciences · Life Sciences · Life Sciences · Materials Science · Mathematics & Statistics · Medicine & Health · Medicine & Health · Ocean & Atmospheric Science · Ocean & Atmospheric Science · Ocean & Atmospheric Science · Ocean & Atmospheric Science · Psychology & Behavioral Science · Social Science · Social Science · Social Science
- Inferred from text
- Hydrology 70%
Provenance · 4 source records, 39 field assertions
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| Loughborough Research Repository | oai:figshare.com:article/34053876 | 4 d ago | JSON v1 |
| GRANTS Data | oai:figshare.com:article/34053876 | 4 d ago | JSON v1 |
| UP Research Data Repository | oai:figshare.com:article/34053876 | 3 d ago | JSON v1 |
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