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Data · dataset · 2026

<p>Flight efficiency increases with flight speed, but lift production becomes less efficient.</p>

Listed in ZivaHub and Deakin Research Online and DMU Figshare — shown once because both records carry DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3004023.g003

Description

<p><b>(a)</b> The lift-specific power across flight speed. Each dot represents the mean value for a sequence, and the fitted curve (blue) shows a U-shaped pattern with a minimum close to 9.3 m/s. The black curve is the expected weight-specific power curve, estimated using the Animal Flight Performance Tool (afpt, in R) [<a href="plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.3004023#pbio.3004023.ref003" target="_blank">3</a>].

Data used to produce this figure (i.e., Power and Mean lift) can be found in <a href="plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.3004023#pbio.3004023.s029" target="_blank">S1 Data</a>. <b>(b)</b> The cost of transport (COT) decreases systematically with flight speed, indicating more efficient flight at higher speeds. Data used to produce this figure can be found in <a href="plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.3004023#pbio.3004023.s029" target="_blank">S1 Data</a>. <b>(c)</b> The power factor (PF) increases with increasing flight speed with a shallow peak around 9 m/s, indicating that the overall force production is more efficient at higher than at lower speeds.

Read the rest (3 more)

Data used to produce this figure can be found in <a href="plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.3004023#pbio.3004023.s029" target="_blank">S1 Data</a>. <b>(d)</b> Span efficiency (black) and vertical force efficiency (blue), during the downstroke, decrease with flight speed. This indicates that the efficiency of lift generation is lower at higher speeds than at lower speeds. The lower vertical force efficiency compared to span efficiency indicates efficiency loss due to generation of side forces that cancel between left and right wing and do not contribute to weight support.

Circles represent median values during the downstroke. Data used to produce this figure can be found in <a href="plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.3004023#pbio.3004023.s029" target="_blank">S1 Data</a>. <b>(e)</b> Span efficiency (black) and vertical force efficiency (blue) varies over a downstroke. Span efficiency varies relatively little during the downstroke (circles and dots), while vertical force efficiency shows a peak during mid-downstroke.

The graph shows a sample of two wingbeats of a European nightjar flying at 7 m/s.</p>

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Where it is published

Catalogue records · 1

Topics

From keywords
Earth & Environmental Science · Earth & Environmental Science · Earth & Environmental Science · Ecology · Ecology · Ecology · Economics & Finance · Economics & Finance · Economics & Finance · Life Sciences · Life Sciences · Life Sciences · Psychology & Behavioral Science · Psychology & Behavioral Science · Psychology & Behavioral Science · Research, science and technology policy · Research, science and technology policy · Research, science and technology policy
Provenance · 3 source records, 23 field assertions
SourceKeyLast seenRaw
ZivaHuboai:figshare.com:article/3403604112 d agoJSON v1
Deakin Research Onlineoai:figshare.com:article/3403604112 d agoJSON v1
DMU Figshareoai:figshare.com:article/3403604112 d agoJSON v1
FieldAssertionExtractorEvidence
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