Long-term monitoring dataset of crop harvest period traits and yield of typical farmland ecosystems in the Taihu Plain from 2004 to 2020

The 1 000-grain weight, grains per panicle, and spikes per plant are agronomic traits of crops, which significantly influence yield. It is of great significance to understand the changes of agronomic traits and yield during the harvest period of crops in this region, and to ensure regional food security and ecological security.

The agronomic traits and yield datasets of crops during the harvest period also directly provide a long-term data verification for global climate change, such as temperature increase. The Jiangsu Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station (Changshu Station) is the only national farmland ecosystem scientific observation and research station in the Yangtze River Delta, representing the semi-artificial wetland farmland ecosystem dominated by rice cultivation in the northern subtropical Taihu Lake Plain.