Tree occurrence in Anamalai Tiger Reserve and Kali Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India (2025)

At ATR (58 plots, January 2025), the study was conducted across forest sites spanning locations including Manamboli, Varagaliar, and Yelakkiparai in the southern Western Ghats. At KTR (56 plots, November–December 2025), plots were laid across forest sites in the Anshi, Castlerock, Gund, Kadra, Kulgi, Kumbharwada, and Phansoli ranges of the northern Western Ghats.

In each plot, all woody stems with Girth at Breast Height (GBH) ≥ 10 cm were identified and measured. A 5 × 10 m regeneration subplot at the start of each vegetation plot was used to record recruits (≥ 3 cm and < 10 cm GBH, ≥ 50 cm height). Trees were identified to the highest taxonomic level possible using standard flora references for the Western Ghats region.