Table 1_Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates stress urinary incontinence by upregulating SIRT1 to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis and MAM integrity.docx

Oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in pelvic floor degeneration. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), a bioactive component of ginseng, exhibits antioxidant properties; however, its therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms in SUI remain unclear.</p>Methods<p>A vaginal distension (VD)-induced mouse model of SUI and an H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress model in L929 cells were established to investigate the effects of Rb1.

Urodynamic evaluation, histological analysis, mitochondrial functional assays, and SIRT1 inhibition/knockdown experiments were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms.</p>Results<p>Rb1 significantly improved bladder leak point pressure, preserved collagen organization, and reduced apoptosis in the anterior vaginal wall of VD mice. Rb1 alleviated oxidative stress by reducing ROS accumulation and restoring mitochondrial homeostasis.