Science Under Microscope

The presentation examines the reproducibility crisis, distinguishes reproducibility from replicability, and discusses factors that can undermine scientific reliability, including poor experimental design, selective reporting, inadequate statistical analysis, HARKing, p-hacking, data dredging, and research misconduct.</p><p dir="ltr">It also explores the roles of researchers, journals, institutions, and funding agencies in promoting trustworthy science.

Practical approaches to improving research quality include FAIR data principles, data management and sharing plans, ALCOA+ data integrity principles, transparent documentation, and the use of reproducible scripting workflows such as R and Python.</p><p dir="ltr">Published examples and research misconduct cases are used to illustrate how failures in rigor, transparency, supervision, data management, and reporting can affect scientific credibility and patient care.