Sulfonic acid–functionalized magnetic Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 nanoparticles: New recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for one-pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans and dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives

These nanoparticles were functionalized with sulfonic acid groups to prepare the Fe 3-x Ti x O 4 @SO 3 H nanoparticles. The synthesized acidic nanoparticles have been explored as new and efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for a one-pot, three-component synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans known as 4 H -chromenes and 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles.

The structure of the catalyst was established by infrared, energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy analyses. The reactions proceed smoothly to furnish the respective products in excellent yields and short reaction times. The facile reaction conditions, easy isolation of the products, versatility, and easy magnetic separation and reusability of the catalyst with no significant loss of activity are the main merits of the present method.