Dataset of effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on microbial carbon use efficiency and root traits in the rhizosphere soil of Phyllostachys edulis rhizome roots

Four treatments were established: control (CK), nitrogen addition alone (N), phosphorus addition alone (P), and combined nitrogen and phosphorus addition (NP), with three replicates each. After 19 months of continuous fertilization, fine roots (diameter ≤ 2 mm) attached to bamboo rhizomes and their associated rhizosphere soils were collected.

The following parameters were measured and recorded: (1) rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, including pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and phosphorus fractions (CaCl₂-P, Citrate-P, Enzyme-P, HCl-P); (2) soil microbial properties, including microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), phosphorus (MBP), activities of carbon-acquiring enzyme (βG), nitrogen-acquiring enzymes (NAG, LAP), and phosphorus-acquiring enzyme (ACP), as well as microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) derived from ecoenzymatic stoichiometry; (3) rhizome root traits, including root carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents, root mean diameter (RD), specific root length (SRL), specific root area (SRA), root tissue density (RTD), root phosphatase activity (RPA), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization rate, and spore density.