A Three-Frequency Ca+ Doppler Lidar for Ion Temperature Measurements in the E and F Regions

A Three-Frequency Ca+ Doppler Lidar for Ion Temperature Measurements in the E and F Regions Fang Wu1,2, Jing Jiao1*, Lifang Du1, Haoran Zheng1, Zelong Wang3, Xuewu Cheng4, Fuju Wu5, Yuan Xia6, Jiqin Wang4, Wei Wang4, Kexin Wang3, Yuchang Xun7, Jiyao Xu1, Yajun Zhu1, Wei Yuan1, Weijun Liu1, Guotao Yang1*1 State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,3 School of Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China,4 Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China,5 School of Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China,6 School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, China,7 College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China,Corresponding authors: Guotao Yang (gtyang@swl.ac.cn) and Jing Jiao (jjiao@swl.ac.cn)