A RNA Sequencing of TestisTissues from Global Bmal1 Knockout and Wide Type Mice

A total of 12 8-10-week-old mice were used. All mice were maintained on a C57BL/6J background and backcrossed for at least five to ten generations to ensure genetic homogeneity.

The mice were individually housed under controlled environmental conditions (22 ± 1°C, 50–60% humidity) with ad libitum access to food and water. Prior to experiments, all animals were entrained to a 12-h light / 12-h dark cycle (lights on at 08:00, ZT0; lights off at 20:00, ZT12) for at least two weeks to synchronize the endogenous circadian rhythms with the photoperiod. At the ZT 0 and ZT 12 time points, three mice in each of the Bmal1-/- group and the control group were sacrificed, and their testicles were extracted.