CAS-ESM2-0 Non-cloud Radiative Kernels under 1×, 2×, and 4×CO2 Forcing Levels

Radiative fluxes are computed using the RRTMG radiative transfer model, with 3-hourly atmospheric states derived from three 10-year simulations: piControl, abrupt-2xCO2, and abrupt-4xCO2.

The dataset also includes state-dependent CO₂ radiative forcing terms and climatological atmospheric temperature and specific humidity fields used to support feedback diagnostics and kernel applications.The dataset contains the following folders:- 1xCO2 – pre-industrial level (284.7 ppmv)- 2xCO2 – doubled CO₂ (569.4 ppmv)- 4xCO2 – quadrupled CO₂ (1138.8 ppmv)Each folder contains the following NetCDF files:- dp_plev.nc: Pressure thickness (Δp) of each model level, used for vertical integration and remapping.- LW_ts_kernel.nc: Longwave kernel for surface temperature (ts); surface temperature increased uniformly by 1 K.- LW_ta_kernel.nc: Longwave kernel for air temperature (ta); each level perturbed by +1 K separately.- LW_ta_plev_kernel.nc: LW ta kernel remapped to CMIP6-standard 19 pressure levels.- LW_wv_kernel.nc: Longwave kernel for water vapor (wv); specific humidity perturbed level by level, assuming 1 K warming at fixed relative humidity.- LW_wv_plev_kernel.nc: LW wv kernel remapped to CMIP6-standard 19 pressure levels.- SW_wv_kernel.nc: Shortwave kernel for water vapor (wv) on model levels.- SW_wv_plev_kernel.nc: SW wv kernel remapped to CMIP6-standard 19 pressure levels.- SW_alb_kernel.nc: Shortwave kernel for surface albedo (alb); albedo increased by 1%.- TOA_LW_CO2.nc: State-dependent longwave CO₂ instantaneous radiative forcing at the TOA, calculated using the same RRTMG configuration under the corresponding background climate state.- TOA_SW_CO2.nc: State-dependent shortwave CO₂ instantaneous radiative forcing at the TOA, calculated using the same RRTMG configuration under the corresponding background climate state.- TQ.iap.h0.mean.nc: Climatological atmospheric temperature and specific humidity fields for the corresponding background climate state, used for feedback diagnostics and application of the temperature and water vapor kernels.All kernels are provided separately for all-sky and clear-sky conditions.