Comparative biomedical and photocatalytic efficacy of <i>Malvastrum coromandelianum</i> (L.) aqueous extract-assisted green synthesized zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles

CuO NPs have also demonstrated better antioxidant efficacy than ZnO NPs, assessed by DPPH, FRAP, and TPC assays. All these applications highlighted the photocatalytic and biomedical efficacy of green-synthesized CuO NPs and ZnO NPs.</p> <p>Although green synthesis of ZnO NPs and CuO NPs using various plant extracts has been widely explored, but the direct comparisons of structure–property relationships and performance have not been conducted due to differing synthesis conditions.

This work uniquely employed <i>Malvastrum coromandelianum</i> (L.) extract as a single phytochemical system to synthesize both ZnO and CuO NPs under comparable conditions, enabling a systematic, direct comparison of their structure–property relationships and performance in terms of photocatalytic, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.</p>