Exploring the diversity of leafhoppers from Brazil: five new species of Erythrogonia Melichar (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

Erythrogonia is the largest genus of the Cicadellinae in the New World, with 91 known species, being widely distributed across the Neotropical Region. In addition to the description of five new species from Brazil, this paper provides an updated checklist of the known species of Erythrogonia, including new distribution records, and taxonomic notes on the genus. The new species are E. peclyae sp. nov.

(state of Roraima), E. dalvae sp. nov. (state of Amazonas), E. adolfoi sp. nov. (state of Acre), E. dmitrievi sp. nov.

(state of Maranhão), and E. dietrichi sp. nov. (state of Goiás). Erythrogonia meridionalis Schmidt, 1928 is excluded from Erythrogonia and treated as a junior synonym of Tettisama quinquemaculata (Germar, 1821).

Present results underscore the importance of studying material from scientific collections and highlight the need for increased financial support and collaboration among research institutions to address gaps in our knowledge of leafhopper diversity.