A dataset of soil microorganisms for vegetable fields in Wenchang City of Hainan from 2016 to 2021

Based on soil microbial DNA/RNA molecular biology techniques, this dataset was integrated with high-throughput sequencing data of soil bacteria and fungi under three fertilization patterns: chemical fertilizer alone, straw return, and chemical fertilizer + straw return in vegetable fields in Wenchang City, Hainan Province, 2016-2021. The dataset is of great significance for studying the nutrient cycling of vegetable ecosystems in tropical regions, analyzing the interaction mechanism between environmental elements and production systems, adjusting crop cultivation management methods and nutrient inputs, and improving the service functions of tropical agroecosystems.