Lake Dataset Extracted from Qing Dynasty Historical Maps (Geometrically Corrected and Georeferenced)

Both historical maps were geometrically corrected and georeferenced by aligning them with high-resolution contemporary basemaps to ensure spatial consistency with modern geographic coordinate systems.The dataset focuses on lake distributions in the southern Mongolian Plateau.

After the rectification process, lake boundaries were manually vectorized, and related attribute information was extracted, including lake centroid coordinates, perimeters, and surface areas. This dataset enables comparative spatial analysis between historical and modern hydrographic features and supports the quantitative evaluation of cartographic accuracy in Qing-era maps.This dataset is intended for use in historical geographic information systems (Historical GIS), cartographic distortion analysis, environmental and geomorphological change monitoring, and digital humanities research.