Consistency and structural uncertainty of multi-mission GPS radio occultation records

Structural uncertainty in trends is found to be lowest from 8 to 25 km of altitude globally for all inspected RO variables and missions. For temperature, it is < 0.05K per decade in the global mean and < 0.1K per decade at all latitudes. Above 25 km, the uncertainty increases for CHAMP, while data from the other missions - based on advanced receivers - are usable to higher altitudes for climate trend studies: dry temperature to 35 km, refractivity to 40 km, and bending angle to 50 km.

Larger differences in RO data at high altitudes and latitudes are mainly due to different implementation choices in the retrievals. The intercomparison helped to further enhance the maturity of the RO record and confirms the climate quality of multi-satellite RO observations towards establishing a GCOS climate data record.