ALMA-IMF XVI

We extrapolated the luminosity and dust temperature images provided by PPMAP at 2.5" resolution to estimate those of individual cores, which were identified at higher angular resolution. To do this, we applied approximate radiative transfer relationships between the luminosity of a protostar and the temperature of its surrounding envelope and between the external heating of prestellar cores and their temperatures. For the first time, we provide data-informed estimates of dust temperatures for 882 cores identified with ALMA-IMF: 17-31K and 28-79K (5th and 95th percentiles, up to 127K) for the 616 prestellar and 266 protostellar cores, respectively.

We also measured protostellar luminosities spanning 20-80000L_{sun}_. Dust temperatures previously estimated from SED-based analyses at a comparatively lower resolution validate our method. For hot cores, on the other hand, we estimated systematically lower temperatures than studies based on complex organic molecules.

We established a mass-luminosity evolutionary diagram, for the first time at the core spatial resolution and for a large sample of intermediate- to high-mass protostellar cores. The ALMA-IMF data favor a scenario in which protostars accrete their mass from a larger mass reservoir than their host cores.