Table 1_Integrated multi-omics analysis and experimental validation identify hub genes with diagnostic value in meningitis.docx

Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves and construction of a nomogram. Experimental validation was subsequently performed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and flow cytometry in peripheral blood samples obtained from individuals with meningitis.</p>Results<p>A total of 292 DEGs were identified, including 195 upregulated genes and 97 downregulated genes.

Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated significantly increased proportions of M1 macrophages and activated dendritic cells in samples obtained from the meningitis group. Integrated analysis combining WGCNA, the PPI network, and machine learning methods identified HBEGF and EREG as hub genes. Both genes were significantly upregulated in individuals with meningitis, and the combined diagnostic area under the curve reached 0.922.

Experimental validation confirmed elevated messenger RNA and protein expression levels of HBEGF and EREG in peripheral blood samples from individuals with meningitis. An increased proportion of M1 macrophages was observed.</p>Conclusion<p>HBEGF and EREG were identified as key genes associated with M1 macrophage infiltration in meningitis. These genes may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for meningitis and provide clues for exploring future therapeutic targets.</p>