Chemical composition data of various samples from the Ashikule Basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The concentration of K+ in cations was determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, while the contents of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were measured using EDTA titration. The concentration of Na+ was calculated based on the ion balance relationship: Na+(meq/L) = (CO32- + HCO3- + SO42- + Cl-) - (K+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+), where the concentrations of each ion are expressed in milliequivalents per liter. The analytical precision for major anions and cations is ±2%.

Trace elements Li and B were measured using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), with a precision better than ±10%The whole-rock trace element testing of volcanic rock samples and lake sediment samples was conducted at the Key Laboratory of Submarine Science, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources. The sample pretreatment involved complete digestion using a mixed acid system of HNO₃-HF-HClO₄, followed by determination using an Elan DRC-e inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).

The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the analysis process was less than 3%. The data is presented in tabular form, with various element indicators arranged horizontally and sample numbers arranged vertically. It also includes various comparative data obtained from published materials. The measurement units involved are explained in detail in the table.  Some data are missing, primarily due to elemental contents below the detection limit and inherent omissions in relevant literature.  Data errors are primarily caused by factors such as testing methods and instrument performance, but the data accuracy meets mainstream technical requirements.